Updated: January 9 '98
September 1994
Photo No.: STScI-PR94-09
A NASA Hubble Space Telescope "natural color" image of the material surrounding the star Eta
Carinae, as imaged by the Wide Field Planetary Camera 2 (WFPC-2).
The Camera was installed in the Hubble Space Telescope during the STS-61 Hubble Servicing Mission. The WFPC-2 optically corrects for the aberration of the telescope's primary mirror, restoring the telescope's vision to its originally planned clarity.
Eta Carinae has a mass of approximately 150 times that of the Sun, and is about 4 million times brighter than our local star, making it one of the most massive and most luminous stars known.
Eta Carinae is highly unstable, and prone to violent outbursts. The last of these occurred in 1841, when despite its distance (over 10,000 light years away) Eta Carinae briefly became the second brightest star in the sky.
Pre-servicing mission HST observations taken with the WF/PC-I reveled new detail in the rapidly expanding shell of material, which was ejected during the last century's outburst. However, the earlier effects of HST's spherical aberration obscured the structure of the material very near Eta Carinae itself.
The clear view of Eta Carinae now provided by WFPC-2 dramatically demonstrates the ability of HST to reliable study faint structure near bright objects.
The picture is a combination of three different images taken in red, green, and blue light. The ghostly red outer glow surrounding the star is composed of the very fastest moving of the material that was ejected during the last century's outburst. This material, much of which is moving more than two million miles per hour, is largely composed of nitrogen and other elements formed in the interior of the massive star, and subsequently ejected into interstellar space.
The bright blue-white nebulosity closer in to the star also consists of ejected stellar
material. Unlike the outer nebulosity, this material is very dusty and reflects starlight.
The new data show that this structure consists of two lobes of material, one of which (lower
left) is moving toward us and the other of which (upper right) is moving away. The knots of
ejected material have sizes comparable to that of our Solar System.
Previous models of such bipolar flows predict a dense disk surrounding the star, which funnels
the ejected material out of the poles of the system. In Eta Carinae, however, high velocity
material is spraying out in the same plane as the hypothetical disk, which is supposed to be
channeling the flow.
This is quite unexpected. The WFPC-2 observations of Eta Carinae raise as many questions as they
answer.
Credit: J. Hester/Arizona State University
NASA PHOTO RELEASE No.: STScI-PR94-09
Higher-resolution versions of these image can be obtained from the STScI Web site at:
Hubble Space Telescope - First Post-Servicing Images
(Eta Carinae, WFPC2)
Updated: January 9 '98
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